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Estambul
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Estambul es una de las 81 provincias en que está dividida Turquía, siendo su capital la histórica ciudad de Estambul,que fue capital del Imperio Otomano y del Imperio Bizantino, con el nombre de Constantinopla.
Aunque la capital política y administrativa es Ankara, Estambul sigue siendo una ciudad que tiene un papel central en la industria, el comercio y la cultura de Turquía. Alberga más de una docena de universidades. Es sede del Patriarcado Ecuménico de Constantinopla, cabeza de la Iglesia ortodoxa.
Los afortunados viajeros por esa ciudad podrán disfrutar de lugares inolvidables visitando:
Santa Sofía. Esta obra maestra de la arquitectura bizantina fue durante nueve siglos iglesia, mezquita durante casi cinco, y ahora finalmente abre sus puertas como museo. Maravilla la inmensa cúpula que la corona y los mosaicos de su interior.
Las grandes Mezquitas. Todas las mezquitas otomanas se inspiraron en las hechuras de Santa Sofía. Hay cientos de ellas por la ciudad, con sus minaretes apuntando como lanzas al cielo, pero sería un pecado perderse sobre todo la Mezquita Azul, la de Solimán el Magnífico, la elegantísima Nuruosmaniye y la alejada pero más auténtica y sagrada de Eyüp.
El Palacio de Topkapi. Ampliado y engalanado con valiosísimas colecciones de arte por los sultanes otomanos, fue la sede de su Imperio hasta que en el XIX se trasladaron al más europeo palacio de Dolmabache, también abierto al público.
El barrio de Ortaköy. Esta encantadora zona junto al Bósforo es perfecta para recalar de día en sus muchísimos cafés o, a la noche, cenar y hasta tomar copas en sus glamurosos clubs frecuentados por la flor y nata.
La Cisterna Bizantina. Es el mayor de los sesenta depósitos de agua que se construyeron en la época bizantina para abastecer la ciudad. Las 336 columnas que lo sostienen explican su nombre en turco: Yerebatan Sarayi o el Palacio Subterráneo. Tiene una mística única.
Los mosaicos de San Salvador en Chora. En el museo de esta antiquísima iglesia se conservan los mosaicos y frescos más hermosos del mundo bizantino.
El Museo Arqueológico. Engloba tres museos: el Arqueológico, el Museo del Antiguo Oriente y el Museo de los Azulejos.
Otras propuestas imperdibles son:
Realizar un recorrido Del Gran Bazar a Nisantasi. Este brillante laberinto que es el Gran Bazar encierra 61 calles cubiertas y cerca de 4.000 tiendas en las que iniciarse en el arte del regateo, en el que los turcos son auténticos maestros. También espectacular, el Bazar Egipcio. Para los que van en busca de las prendas más actuales, los escaparates de zonas tan a la europea como el barrio de Nisantasi. Imprescindible también la calle de Istiklal.
Pasear en barco por el Estrecho del Bósforo. Divide la parte asiática y la europea de Estambul, dejando a su vera desde la inmensa fachada del Dolmabache hasta otros palacios menores, exquisitas villas, fortalezas, mezquitas y pequeños embarcaderos como Kanlica o Anadolu Kavagi.
Pasar un atardecer en la Torre de Gálata. Construida en el XIV por los genoveses en el emplazamiento de una torre anterior, desde sus alturas se admira la impagable puesta de sol que despacha sobre la ciudad y esa deslumbrante lengua de agua conocida como el Cuerno de Oro.
Publicado en Febrero 2014 |
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